Adolf Mayer
Adolf Mayer:
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• Infectious sap from tobacco induce disease.

• Gave term Mosaikkrankheit for mosaic

Dmitri Ivanovsky
Dmitri Ivanovsky:
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• Sap retained infectivity even after filtration through chamberland porcelain filter, doubted toxin produced by bacterium as cause.


M . W . Beijerinck
M . W . Beijerinck:
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• In Netherland finally established the cause of tobacco mosaic disease and named the agent as “ Contagium vivum fluidum ” – gave the term Virus .

• Published paper “ Uber ein Contagium vivum fluidum als Ursache der Fleckenkrankheit der Tabaksblatter” ----- called Father of Plant Virology


Max Knoll
Max Knoll:
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• He was a German electrical engineer developed Electron Microscope along with EAF Ruska


Ernst Ruska
Ernst Ruska:
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• Invented Electron Microscope


W . M . Stanley
W . M . Stanley:
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• Crystallized virus


Norman Pirie
Norman Pirie:
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• Reported that TMV contains nucleoprotein ( 5 % )


Frederick Charles Bawden
Frederick Charles Bawden :
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• Reported that TMV contains nucleoprotein ( 5 % )


Helmut Ruska
Helmut Ruska:
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• Were the first to observe TMV under electron microscope


A. Gierer
A. Gierer:
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• Showed that only nucleic acid of TMV is infective and protein coat does not have any role in infection .


G. Schramm
G. Schramm:
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• Showed that only nucleic acid of TMV is infective and protein coat does not have any role in infection.


Basil Kassanis
Basil Kassanis :
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• Coined the term Satellite virus , associated with TNV


Theodor Otto Diener
Theodor Otto Diener :
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• Discovered PSTVd – Viroid


Stanley Benjamin Prusiner
Stanley Benjamin Prusiner :
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• Discovered Prions in animals : Nobel Prize in 1997 in Medicines


Cesar Milstein
César Milstein:
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• “Hybridoma technology” in monoclonal antibodies production – Nobel prize in 1984


Niels Kaj Jerne, Kohler
Niels Kaj Jerne, Köhler :
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• “Hybridoma technology” in monoclonal antibodies production – Nobel prize in 1984


Andrew Fire
Andrew Fire:
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• Awarded Nobel Prize for their work RNA interference – Gene silencing by dsRNA.


Craig C. Mello
Craig C. Mello:
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• Awarded Nobel Prize for their work RNA interference – Gene silencing by dsRNA.


Paul Ahlquist
Paul Ahlquist:
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• Infectious viral RNA transcribed in vitro from cDNA clones