Downy mildew /Green ear1. Downy mildew /Green ear:
-------------------------------
C.O. Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.) Schroet.
Sympoms :
• Infected plants filler excessively and are dearfed
• The foliage becomes pale and chlorotic and broad straks, extending from the base to the tip of the leaf are prominent
• Downy fungal groth appearn aon the lowes surface the leaf and even on the apper surface, in severg cases
• Ears fail to form or ig formed, they are malformed into green leafy structures
• Mostly the entire ear is transformed into leafy structures, sometime, the part of the ear alone is affected
• As the disease advances, the green leafy structures become brown and dry
Management :
• Grow resistant variety
• Prefer summer cultivation
• Treat the needs with metalaxyl @ gm/kg seed
• Spray metalaxyl @ 0.2% on the of disease
Rust
(2) Rust:
----------
C.O. Puccinia peniseti Zimm.
Symptoms:
• Minute, round uredosori occer in graps on both surfaces of leaves. Particularly towards the distal end of the blade
• Later in the season, telia appear as black, elliptical and sub-epidermed
Management:
• Use resistant variety
Smut
(3) Smut:
-----------
C.O. Tojlyposporium penicillariae Bref.
Symptoms:
• Disease apparent at the time of grain setting
• A frw grains, sporadically distributed on the ear, may be replaced by oral to top-shaped sori
• Sori are generally two or three times the nise of the normal grain
• Bright green to dirty black in cooler and often neptare to expose a black spare mass
Management:
• Grow resistant variety
Ergot
(4.) Ergot :
------------
C.O. Claviceps microcehala (Waller) Tul.
Symptoms :
• Disease occurs at the time of flowering
• Small depots of a light, coloured dew like substance exude from infected spikelets
• A few to many mich spikelets mayk found in a grap, darken with small and dark brown scleretia are formed
• Sclerotia replace the vary or grain, and are hard and worly.
Management :
• 10% salt solution separates out the sclerotia from the grains
• Use resistant variety
